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兩岸經(jīng)理人工作價(jià)值觀比較研究(CE)-5
1.1研究意義
1.1 Research of Values
工作價(jià)值觀（Work Values）為個(gè)人價(jià)值系統(tǒng)的一部份，其涵意是從價(jià)值觀延伸而來(lái)（Kinnane & Gaubinger , 1963 ）。因此探討工作價(jià)值觀之前，需先了解價(jià)值觀研究的基本狀況。
As part of individual value system, the connotation of Work Values is extended from Value (Kinnane & Gaubinger, 1963). Therefore it becomes necessary for us to understand the basic status of the research of value before we discuss work values.
1.1.1 1.1.1 價(jià)值觀的概念
1.1.1 Concept of Values
價(jià)值觀是一個(gè)使用非常廣泛的概念。它一直是哲學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、教育學(xué)、政治學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、文學(xué)、美學(xué)和法學(xué)等等眾多學(xué)科的研究對(duì)象。價(jià)值觀浸透于人的整個(gè)個(gè)性之中，是指導(dǎo)著人的行為、態(tài)度、信念、理想的內(nèi)心尺度。價(jià)值觀通常是主體以自身的需求為尺度對(duì)客體重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)，也就是人把什么事物看的更重要、更有意義的穩(wěn)定看法和態(tài)度。此外，價(jià)值觀對(duì)組織行為的研究十分重要，因?yàn)樗橇私鈫T工的態(tài)度和動(dòng)機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)也影響我們對(duì)人對(duì)事的知覺(jué)和判斷。而每個(gè)人在加入一個(gè)組織之前早已形成什么是應(yīng)該的，什么是不應(yīng)該的思維模式（彭聘齡，2001 ）。gxgkickz.com
Values have been a widely used concept. It has long been an object of research in many branches of sciences including philosophy, sociology, education, politics, economy, literature, aesthetics and law. Values are deeply saturated in the entire personality of human and are the inner measure that guide human behaviors, attitudes, beliefs and ideals. Generally, values are the knowledge of main body for objective importance with the measure of self needs, i.e. a stable belief and attitude of what is more important and meaningful. In addition, values are vital for the research of organizational behavior, since it is the basis of the knowledge of attitudes and motives of employees and it influences our awareness and judgment for things at the same time. And before anyone participates in any organization, the mental model of what should be done and what should not have already formed (Peng Pinling, 2001).
在西方心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，價(jià)值觀的研究最早可以追溯到20 世紀(jì)30 年代，美國(guó)心理學(xué)家Allport & vernon 制訂了一份”價(jià)值觀研究量表”，進(jìn)行了具有開創(chuàng)意義的價(jià)值觀研究．到了50 年代，Kluckhohn 提出對(duì)價(jià)值觀的理解：態(tài)度、動(dòng)機(jī)、目的、可測(cè)量的、行為本質(zhì)方面流行的習(xí)慣或傳統(tǒng)，從操作層面對(duì)價(jià)值觀的各種定義進(jìn)行了整合。70 年代，Rokeach 將價(jià)值觀分為目的性價(jià)值觀和工具性價(jià)值觀兩方面，開始了從維度對(duì)價(jià)值觀的分析和測(cè)量，使價(jià)值觀研究更進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。80 年代，以Schwartz 為代表的價(jià)值觀研究者從需要和動(dòng)機(jī)出發(fā)來(lái)解釋價(jià)值觀的深層內(nèi)含。此后，人們對(duì)價(jià)值觀的研究進(jìn)入一個(gè)鼎盛時(shí)期，許多學(xué)者提出各自對(duì)價(jià)值觀的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。
In the area of Western psychology, the research of values can be traced back to 1930s, when Allport & Vernon, American psychologists, made a Value Survey which marked the beginning of their pioneering study on values. In 1950s, Kluckhohn put forward his understanding for Values: popular habits or tradition in attitudes, motives, purposes, measurable in the essence of behaviors, and integrated all kinds of definitions for values at an operational level. In 1970s, Rokeach divided values into purposive values and instrumental values. He began to analyze and measure values from dimensions, thus advancing further development of the study on values. In 1980s, values researchers, with Schwartz as their representatives, explained the deep connotation of values from need and motive. After that, the study of values has entered a phase of peak and a number of scholars have put forward their own understandings for values.
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翻譯樣本 
