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金融論文 中英
西方發(fā)達國家在二戰(zhàn)前后，中國改革開發(fā)三十年來逐步由傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)社會步入了現(xiàn)代消費社會。傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)社會以生產(chǎn)為核心, 生產(chǎn)工具是衡量社會發(fā)展的一個重要指標(biāo)。現(xiàn)代消費社會以消費為核心，衡量社會運行的一個重要指標(biāo)就是“消費工具”，因此，對“消費工具”的研究顯得尤為重要；同時， George Ritzer)綜合考慮米爾斯、齊美爾、布迪爾等人的相關(guān)概念，提出 “新消費工具”的定義——一種促使人們獲得貨物與服務(wù)，同時，人們作為消費者又被其控制和剝削的物品。消費社會最重要的“消費工具”是透視整個現(xiàn)代消費社會的窗口。消費是中性事件、適度負債是消費信貸系統(tǒng)對消費者的控制，使其產(chǎn)生“負債責(zé)任”，迫于還債壓力而加倍努力工作。
The traditional industry society has been gradually transformed into modern consumption society in western developed countries around the Second World War and in China after thirty years of reform and opening. With production as the core, the traditional industry society takes production tools as an important index to assess social development, while with consumption as the core, the modern consumption society takes “consumption tool” as an important index to judge social operations. Therefore, it is especially important to study the “consumption tool”. At the same time, George Ritzer, after taking relevant concepts provided by Miles, Simmel and Bourdieu into comprehensive considerations, puts forward a definition of “new consumption tool” - an object to urge people to obtain goods and services but also have people controlled and exploited as consumers. As the most important index of consumption society, “consumption tool” is a window to see through the whole modern consumption society. Consumption is a neutral event. Proper debt may enable the consumption credit system to control consumers and make them have a “debt responsibility” to work harder to pay off debts.
通過研究消費工具，進而來理解整個社會的做法，可以從卡爾德、瑞澤爾一直追溯到齊美爾。齊美爾從當(dāng)時代最重要的消費工具——貨幣的研究來獲得對當(dāng)時社會的洞見；卡德爾和瑞澤爾則通過對現(xiàn)代最重要的新消費工具——信用卡的文化史研究和案例分析，來反映當(dāng)今社會的運轉(zhuǎn)機制。消費社會運轉(zhuǎn)的核心機制——消費信貸系統(tǒng)，消費信貸系統(tǒng)運轉(zhuǎn)的社會前提/運行后的社會后果——“信用”（機制/問題）�！靶庞谩痹谙M社會不是一個道德問題，而是一個工具性的、制度的問題。消費社會用以“培養(yǎng)信用”的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施——信用卡，信用卡作為“消費社會”中最重要的消費工具之一，其所產(chǎn)生的社會影響，是消費社會是否健康發(fā)展的重要指標(biāo)。2008年開始的世界“金融海嘯”就是一個最好的反面例證。研究當(dāng)今中國社會信用卡消費的社會影響及其發(fā)展趨勢無疑具有及其重要而深遠的社會學(xué)意義。gxgkickz.com
The method to understand practices of the whole society through studies on consumption tools may be traced back to Calde, Ritzer and even Simmel. Simmel obtained his percipience on society with studies on money, the most consumption tool of modern time, while Calde and Ritzer reflected the operation mechanism of modern society with culture history studies and case analysis on credit card, the most important new consumption tool at the present day. The core mechanism for consumer society operation is consumer credit system, and the social precondition or aftermath for consumer credit system operations is “credit” (mechanism / problem). “Credit” is not a problem of ethics but a problem of tool or institution in the consumption society which takes credit card as the basic facilities to “cultivate credit” and one of the most important consumption tools for the “consumption society”, with corresponding social influences resulted thereof regarded as an important index to assess if the consumption society develops healthily. The global “financial tsunami” starting from 2008 is just the best negative example. It is undoubtedly of the most important and far-reaching sociological significance to study social influences and development trend of credit card consumptions in contemporary society of China.
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翻譯樣本 
